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A Comparative Evaluation of Approaches to Urban Crime Pattern Analysis

Massimo Craglia is in the Department of Town and Regional Planning and Sheffield Centre for Geographical Information and Spatial Analysis, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK. Fax: 01142797912. E-mail: gisdata{at}sheffield.ac.uk

Robert Haining

Department of Geography and Sheffield Centre for Geographical Information and Spatial Analysis, Winter Street, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK, R.Haining{at}Sheffieldac.uk

Paul Wiles

Department of Law and Sheffield Centre for Criminological and Legal Studies, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK, p.wiles{at}sheffield.ac.uk

The increased availability of digital data and the increased scrutiny of public expenditure are opening new opportunities for detailed spatial analysis of social behaviour and policy initiatives to target resources where they are most needed. Two such policy areas in which the use of GIS combined with spatial analysis tools has made significant progress are health and police services, which are at the top of the political agenda due to increasing 'demand' and spiralling costs. Against this background, this paper presents the results of a collaborative research project carried out in Sheffield on the use of GIS for crime pattern analysis. The research described is significant in a number of respects: it is based on high-quality detailed crime data and geographical data for the whole of Sheffield; it compares two different methodologies for crime pattern analysis, one developed specifically for crime, the other for health research; and it demonstrates the policy value of this transfer of methodologies across disciplines.

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